You have your:
- Internal case for support. Its top job? To break the "curse of knowledge," to help you see your mission or vision as an outsider might.
This will be your case for support's core "reference library." It can sometimes be vast database of potential messages. It's called "internal" because it's for insiders only. It's too sprawling and raw to impose on outsiders. You'll distill (derive, extract) all your other cases from this uncensored, ever-expanding internal case. I've written a feasibility case of 1,200 words for a specific target audience from an internal case that's 15,000 words deep.
- General case for ongoing support. Its top job? To repeatedly, concisely, and with emotional intelligence answer a stranger's most basic question: "Why do you need my hard-earned money NOW?"
Expressions of this general case for ongoing support include appeals for annual operating; your "elevator speech"; your themes for fundraising events; and your annual report. Suggestion: Call your next "annual" report a "gratitude" report instead, à la Toronto's Agents of Good. You'll like what happens next.
- Feasibility case for campaign support. Its top job? To test messaging and "the waters."
Major gifts officers and campaign consultants deploy the feasibility case, as they speak one-on-one with prospects to ask: "What do you think personally? Good idea or not?" As the immortal Jerry Panas observed, "Ask for money, you'll get advice. Ask for advice, you'll get money." The feasibility case asks for advice.
Conventionally, feasibility testing occurs before you publicly announce your capital campaign. Capital campaigns (especially big-ticket ones) often don't announce their very existence until 60-70% of the goal has been banked (or at least firmly pledged). It's probably an "exclusivity" thing as well as a "we don't want to be embarrassed if the worst happens..." thing.
- Public case for a capital campaign. Its top job? To close the gap, to bridge the final mile.
As campaign goals get closer, this psychological phenomenon predictably occurs: people rush to jump in. Is it FOMO (Fear of Missing Out)? I don't know. I just know it happens.
You might well raise 90% of your goal from 10% of your donors. But to make your final goal, you'll need a ton of smaller gifts, too. The University of Toronto's Boundless campaign, wrapping at the end of 2018, raised $2.64 billion from 104,059 unique donors living in 99 countries; 32% of whom were not alumni.